A newly-arrived Rohingya refugee rest on a beach in Sabang island, Aceh province on November 22, 2023. Photo: AFP
More than 200 Rohingya refugees were huddled on the beaches of a remote Indonesian island today after weeks adrift on a wooden boat, as authorities rejected locals' efforts to push the members of the persecuted Myanmar minority back to sea.
The latest arrivals were part of more than 1,000 desperate and exhausted members of the group who landed on the shores of Aceh province in western Indonesia in the last week.
Thousands of the mostly Muslim Rohingya risk their lives each year making sea journeys often in flimsy boats, to try to reach Malaysia or Indonesia.
The latest group of 219 refugees, which included 72 men, 91 women and 56 children, arrived in Sabang city in Aceh province, located on an island off the tip of northern Sumatra, at around 11:00 pm local time (1600 GMT) yesterday.
But they were rejected by locals who threatened to put them back to sea.
"How can we go anywhere?" 15-year-old Rohingya refugee Abdul Rahman asked. "We don't want to go back."
Local authorities then agreed to their relocation by ferry later on Wednesday to a temporary shelter in one of Aceh's biggest cities, the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) said.
"The plan is for the refugees to be relocated to a shelter in Lhokseumawe," Sabang social agency head Naufal, who like many Indonesians goes by one name, told AFP.
He said the relocation had been coordinated with UNHCR and the refugees had been given food and drink after their arrival.
"The (local) government decided to take them to a place designated by the national government," UN refugee agency protection associate Faisal Rahman told AFP today.
The group had spent 15 days at sea.
The engine of their vessel -- which could be seen bobbing offshore -- had been damaged, leaving them unable to travel elsewhere, he added.
UNHCR said Acehnese locals have sought to push Rohingya boats back to sea three times in the last week.
"The situation in the field now is not good. The rejection virus has been spread to all people," said Faisal Rahman.
Many Acehnese, who themselves have memories of decades of bloody conflict, have long been sympathetic to the plight of their fellow Muslims.
But some say their patience has been tested, claiming the Rohingya consume scarce resources and occasionally come into conflict with locals.
The refugees were seen huddled on a beach in Sabang yesterday, surrounded by a yellow cordon and security officers to stop them from running away.
Next to screaming babies, some children on the beach whacked the sand and built sandcastles, seemingly oblivious to the fractious situation unfolding around them.
'Emergency, humanitarian crisis'
The UN agency appealed to Sabang's mayor to find the refugees safe shelter overnight but to no avail, Faisal Rahman said.
But it later negotiated a delay to the refugees being pushed back to sea, while the local community demanded they be relocated immediately, said the UN official.
More than a million from the ethnic group have fled Myanmar since the 1990s, most in the wake of a 2017 military crackdown that forced the bulk of them to settle in camps in Bangladesh.
Indonesia is not a signatory to the UN Refugee Convention and says it is not compelled to take in refugees from Myanmar, complaining that neighbouring countries have shut their doors.
But rights groups said Jakarta should be doing more to help under other international conventions such as those that enshrine the safety of life at sea.
"These conventions also oblige Indonesia to save those who are in danger at sea," Amnesty International Indonesia executive director Usman Hamid told AFP.
"The latest wave of new refugees shows there is an emergency and humanitarian crisis experienced by the Rohingya."
On Tuesday, 256 other Rohingya arrivals were given a reprieve when Indonesia granted them three months of temporary shelter after locals threatened to again turn them back to sea.
The refugees were moved on Tuesday evening to the same Lhokseumawe facility where the Sabang group were to be relocated.
Ann Maymann, representative of the UN refugee agency in Indonesia, told AFP the decision was "better... than having the refugees stay at a beach" with no security.
About 250 Rohingya refugees crammed onto a wooden boat have been turned away from western Indonesia and sent back to sea, residents said yesterday.
The group from the persecuted Myanmar minority arrived off the coast of Aceh province on Thursday but locals told them not to land. Some refugees swam ashore and collapsed on the beach before being pushed back onto their overcrowded boat.
After it was prevented from landing, the decrepit boat travelled dozens of kilometres farther east to North Aceh. But locals again sent them back to sea late Thursday.
By yesterday, the vessel, which some on board said had sailed from Bangladesh about three weeks ago, was no longer visible from where it had landed in North Aceh, residents said.
Thousands from the mostly Muslim Rohingya minority risk their lives each year on long and treacherous sea journeys, often in flimsy boats, to try to reach Malaysia or Indonesia.
"We're fed up with their presence because when they arrived on land, sometimes many of them ran away. There are some kinds of agents that picked them up. It's human trafficking," Saiful Afwadi, a community leader in North Aceh, told AFP yesterday.
Chris Lewa, director of Rohingya rights organisation the Arakan Project, said the villagers' rejection seemed to be related to a lack of local government resources to accommodate the refugees and a feeling that people smugglers were using Indonesia as a transit point to Malaysia.
"It is sad and disappointing that the villagers' anger is against the Rohingya boat people who are themselves victims of those smugglers and traffickers," Lewa told AFP yesterday.
She said she was trying to find out where the boat went after being turned away but "no one seems to know".
The UN refugee agency said in a statement yesterday that the boat was "off the coast of Aceh", and gave a lower passenger count of around 200 people. It called on Indonesia to facilitate the landing and provide life-saving assistance to the refugees.
The statement cited a report that said at least one other boat was still at sea, adding that more vessels could soon depart from Myanmar or Bangladesh.
"The Rohingya refugees are once again risking their lives in search for a solution," said Ann Maymann, UNHCR's head of representatives in Indonesia.
A 2020 investigation by AFP revealed a multimillion-dollar, constantly evolving people-smuggling operation stretching from a massive refugee camp in Bangladesh to Indonesia and Malaysia, in which members of the stateless Rohingya community play a key role in trafficking their own people.
Locals in neighbouring Ulee Madon and Cot Trueng villages gave the refugees supplies, including food, clothing and gasoline, before turning their boat around on Thursday, North Aceh's Afwadi said.
To encourage their departure, locals also repaired the boat after Rohingya on board tried to sink it, he said.
Afwadi was among the locals who escorted the vessel away from shore, ensuring it left the area.
A village leader from Ulee Madon said residents did not have the resources to accommodate more refugees.
"We don't have any proper place to house them," Rahmat Kartolo told AFP late Thursday. "It's not that we don't care about humanity, but these people sometimes run away."
Nearly 600 Rohingya refugees have reached western Indonesia this week, according to local authorities, with 196 arriving on Tuesday and 147 on Wednesday.
By Aryan Khan.